Fluid-pressure brake system



Feb 14 1928. 1,659,034

B. A. LINDERMAN FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE SYSTEM Filed June 22. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 14, 1928.

B. A. LINDERMAN FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE SYSTEM Filed June 22. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 14, 1928. 1,659,034

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IBERT A. LINDERMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. 'Y., ASSIGNOR T LINDER'MAN & CO., 0] WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

FLUID-PRESSURE BRAKE SYSTEM Application filed June 22, 1925. serial No. 88,702.

This invention relates to braking mechvention the provision of a reserve presanism for automobiles and the like, and more sure device and automatic control therefor particularly to braking systems adapted to adapted to accomplish the result last above be operated by fluid pressure, the apparatus stated and involving few and inexpensive shown on the drawings being partlcularly parts, easily installed and requiring no adadapted, though not limited, to a hydraulic ustment or attention after installation. pressure system, Qther ob ects and advantages Of the in- 50 An important object of the invention 1s vention will be apparent as it is better unthe provision of a fluid pressure braking sysderstood from the following description,

tem of simplified construction and increased which, taken in connection with the accomfli i y panying drawings, discloses a preferred em- Still another object of my invention rebOdim-ent thereof. 65 sides in providing a completely, hermetically Referring to the drawings, sealed system, which includes an expansible F gure 1 is a plan view, plartly diagramtubular body of non-metallic, resilient matematlc, of an automobile c assis equipped rial, such as a rubber containing material or W1th a fluid pressure braking system emthe like, located at the brake segments, which bodylng my invention; 7 7 hollow body has its walls rigidly reinforced F1g. 2 IS a longitudinal sectional view of in all directions, except those portions adj a the diaphragm pressure device;

cent the brake segments, so that when the F1g. 1s a similar view, showing a differtubular body is inflated the brake segments ent posltlon of the diaphragm; and are shifted, and in addition a main, ex- F 1g. 1s a sectional view of the pressure pansible body of similar material hermetireservoir and automatic control for maincally connected to said first hollow body, o taming the proper residual pressure in the 25 as to seal a pressure fluid therein and to ystem.

provide an absolutely hermetic system to on said drawings, Ihave shown, for illuspreclude the loss or evaporation content in, ra lv purposes only, an apparatus in which said pressure system, said main hollow body the reference character 11 indicates an autolikewise having its inner walls rigidly rein- I I1 l?11e frame and the characters 12 and 13 so f d b a ho ing, a ti f hi h ll lndicate, respectively, the front and rear reinforcing means is adapted to be shifted Wheels, all four of which, in the present infor causing the collapsing of the main holstance, are provided with brakes 14, which low body, whereby to bring about an expulmay be of the type shown and described in sion of pressure from said main hollow body y pr1or pp i n, Serial N0. 753,085,

to said first hollow body to inflate the latter tiled December 1, 1924. This construction d apply th b ak is also shown 1n my pr1or Patent #1501974:

Another object of my invention resides in g t O b r 1926 to which reference the provision of automatic means connected 8 e f r a further description thereof.

to such a beforementioned system for main- :The pressure medium is adapted to be sup- 40 ining a, predetermined pressure in uch plied to the inflatable tubes 0f said brakes h r ti y t from a diaphragm control 15, which is A further object of the invention is to proshown in section in Fig. 2. Said control comvide an improvement in fluid pressure brakprlses a spherical casting 17 having an ati chani d t d to fa ilitat th taching bracket 16 formed integrally thereerafion of the foot pedal, 01' thgr control, \Vllll. WlllCll casting PIOViClGS a rigid reinso that the same may be operated with a uniforcing means in the nature of a housing form, short stroke, regardless of the condifor a diaphragm 22, which, in accordance tion of wear of the brakes. with my invention, is in the form of a col- Another object is the provision, in a braklapsible, hollow body, substantially ball- 5 ing system of this character, of an improved shaped and composed of non-metallic, resilidiaphragm construction in the pressure conent material, preferably rubber or rubberized trolling device. fabric, such, for instance, as the material A further and important object of the infrom which tennis balls-are made. The interior of said ball is communicably connected by a short Jipe, or hose, 23 with a T 25 and through branches 26 and 27 with conduits 28 and 29 at opposite sides of the Frame leading to the brakes at the four wheels. The connection 23 is held in place by a flange 24 on the interior of the ball diaphragm 22 and by a washer 24' on the exterior of said diaphragm, said washer having a square head 25 disposed in an opening 30 in the housing 17 to prevent turning of said connection 23, the opposite end of which is threaded or otherwise secured to the T 25. r

A plunger 32 is slidably mounted in a cylindrical rearward extension 33 of the member 17 and is connected by a link 34 with a lever 35 pivoted at its opposite end at 36 to the frame 11 and being adapted to be actuated by a rod 37' adjustably connected thereto and being connected at its opposite end to a foot lever 38 at the drivers position, said lever being pivoted at 39 to a rod 41 extending inwardly from the frame.

Actuation of the foot lever collapses the hollow body diaphragm 22, as shown in Fig;

3, and it will be evident that ample clearance is provided at both sides, thus avoiding any bucklin or pinching of the diaphragm. The wall of the ball has a rolling action on the interior of the member 17 which prevents undue wear of any part thereof, such as would occur if the diaphragm were clamped in place in such manner as to have a hinging, instead of a rolling action in operation. It will also be evident that, due to the rigidity of the casting 17 and the fact that it contacts with the entire outer wall surface of the hollow body, when a portion of the wall 22 is collapsed the fluid therein is forced through the conduit 23. This result is effected by preventing deformation of the wall 22 at any other point than that at which the collapsing force is exerted, and this is accomplished by the rigid'enclosure 17 and also by the non-metallic, resilient ma: terial of which the hollow body is composed.

For the purpose of automatically maintaining in the system a residual pressure sufficient to permit application of the brakes at all times by a uniform, short stroke of the foot lever, I provide a reservoir 42, containing a bulb 43, similar to the ball diaphragm 22 shown in Figs. 2 and 3. and communicably connected by a connection 44, two oneway valves 45 and 46 and a conduit 47 with the branch 26 of the pressure distribution system. A spring 48, housed in a rearward extension 49 of the reservoir 42, bears at one end on a cap 51 and at the opposite end on the head 52 of a slidable member 52 bearing against the bulb 43. The tension of this spring is suflicient to unseat the movable balls 53 of the valves 45 and 46 when the pressure in the system falls below a predetermined value, due to wear of the brakes, or other changing conditions. It is, thercfore, unnecessary to increase the pedal stroke, even though the brakes should become badly worn and the stroke may be short enough to be within practical limits of leverage and adapted for operation by relatively light pressure from the foot of the driver. The member 44 may be held in place by means of an end flange 54 and a washer 55, similar to the construction heretofore described with reference to the connection 23.

It is thought that the invention and many of its attendant advantages will be under-. stood from the foregoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, or sacrificing all of its material advantages, the form hcrcinbefore described being merely a preferred embodiment thereof.

I claim:

1. A diaphragmatic pressure device for a fluid pressure braking system for automobiles wherein the brake mechanism is provided with an inflatable member containing pressure fluid for operating the brake mechanism, said device comprising a collapsible, hollow body of non-metallic, resilient material containing fluid and connecting with said inflatable member so as to form a sealed system hermetically enclosing the fluid in said members, a casing for said body constructed and arranged to form a rigid backing for the entire peripheral wall of said body and means for causing a portion of said casing to collapse said body to expel fluid therefrom whereby to cause fluid to flow into said inflatable member to operate the brake mechanism.

2. A pulsator for a brake comprising a collapsible, hollow rubber body adapted to contain fluid and adapted to be hermetically connected to an inflatable member of a sealed fluid containing braking system, means for pressing against a portion of the wall of said hollow body to partially collapse the same, and means for rigidly reinforcing all other wall portions of said hollow body whereby to cause the expulsion of liquid therefrom and into said system to shift the brake.

3. A pulsator for a brake comprising a collapsible hollow body of resilient material adapted to contain fluid and adapted to be hermetically connected to an inflatable member of a sealed fluid containing braking system and rigid means contacting wit-h the entire outer walls of the hollow body and means for shifting a portion of said contacting means partially to collapse the hollow body to expel fluid therefrom into the system to operate the brake.

4. A pulsator for a brake comprising a collapsible, hollow body adapted to contain tion, and a plunger having a rigid face confiuid and adapted to be hermetically contacting with such peripheral portion, and nected to an inflatable member of a sealed means for moving said plunger against said 10 fluid containing braking system, a rigid casperipheral portion whereby to collapse said 5 ing completely enclosing said hollow body hollow body to expel the fluid therefrom in and contacting with the outer Walls thereof said system to operate the brake. except at a predetermined peripheral por- BERT A. LINDERMAN. 

